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Hi. I vectorized a picture to get smooth lines but now the picture have some transparent holes. Do you know any way to vectorize a picture without holes please? Thank you so much.

1) your vectors are likely not exactly overlapping
2) even if there were, a selection from then would leave a one-pixel partially filled gap due to antialasing

So in practice you need to have a 1pix overlap between the paths for each area, and paint them in the relevant order (or on separate transparent layers). One of the areas can be undefined (no path) to cover whatever is not painted by the others, and is best done as a layer under the image, or painted in Behind mode once the rest is done (behind mode fills the transparency).

Yes, I already tried to cover the empty spots with a layer under the image but... The whole image is SO BIG (I didn't post the full version of the picture, I cropped it)   I'm gonna spend my whole week doing this... That's why I'm looking for a perfect way to do it 

Because, the problem is: Let's say I did cover all the empty spots. The image is now perfect: Big, no transparent holes, smooth lines... I will still need to vectorize it. So, the empty will appear again   What's the solution?

Vectorizing is an approximation by definition. If you want a perfect image with vectors, you do vectors from the start. And you build your image with layers that overlap. For instance, at the top left, the streak of yellow would be painted across/over a single streak of red, so that there would be no gap between red and yellow, and Gimp would correctly render the edge between red and yellow

For what I see of your image, you can have, top to bottom:

- Black
- Yellow
- Red
- Dark gray
- Light gray

Where the lower layers bleed a bit under the layers above them(*). Only the top layer needs to be accurate (same as when painting in the physical world). See attached XCF.

Once you have an image like this your paths are obtained from an alpha-selection of each layer, and you can scale and rebuild the image by scaling the paths and filling them in the right order.



* Over/under cases are implemented by having two copies of the same layer at various levels, with bits shaved off